Severe history of Graves' disease (autoimmune thyroid hypofunction).Uncontrolled production of thyroid hormones.Thyroid enlargement, possibly with constriction of surrounding organs (goiter).Even if a node is discovered in the thyroid gland about whose goodness or malignancy no reliable statement can be made, surgery is required. The most common cause of thyroid removal is malignant neoplasm.
Currently, minimally invasive thyroid surgery at specialized centers accounts for about ten percent.
In addition to these surgical techniques, there are also minimally invasive thyroid surgery in which the removal of the thyroid gland is performed via a probe and only the smallest skin incisions are necessary.
The pathological enlargement of the thyroid gland (goiter, goiter), which is mostly caused by iodine deficiency, is widespread. Hypothyroidism can be innate or acquired. In addition, doughy thickening and swelling of the skin (myxedema), mental retardation and tiredness, shaggy and dry hair and libido and potency disorders. The result is too low a metabolic rate, which manifests itself in weight gain, constipation and sensitivity to cold. Thyroid hypofunction is deficient in thyroid hormones. The cause of hyperthyroidism is usually an autoimmune disease. This leads to weight loss due to abnormally increased basal metabolic rate, increased body temperature, increased heart work, insomnia and inner restlessness, mental instability, hands trembling and diarrhea. In case of overfunction, the gland produces too many thyroid hormones. The thyroid produces the following hormones:Ĭommon diseases are hyperthyroidism (hyperthyroidism) and hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism). In this way, the organ is involved in the regulation of iodine, calcium and total metabolism. Thyroid function is the need-based production, storage and delivery of thyroid hormones. They produce the hormone calcitonin (English calcitonin) and release it into the blood. These are also called parafollicular cells. T3 and T4 are made in stock the amount stored in the follicles lasts up to two months.īetween the follicles are the C-cells. There they are stored in droplets, the so-called Kelloid. These epithelial cells produce the thyroid hormones T3 and T4 and spill them into the vesicle cavities. Thyroid lobules (Lobuli)Įach lobule consists of many small, vesicular formations (follicles), the wall of which is composed of a single-layered follicular epithelium. The organ capsule passes into connective tissue streets that divide the glandular tissue (parenchyma) into individual lobules (lobules). This outer capsule continues inwards as an organ capsule (capsula interna).īetween the two capsules are the larger blood vessels and at the back of the gland the four parathyroid glands. Outer capsule and organ capsuleĮxternally, the thyroid is surrounded by a capsule (also called external or surgical capsule). It is usually a bit heavier in women than in men. The thyroid gland weighs 18 to 30 grams in adults. In addition, there may be a lobe of the lobus pyramidalis originating from the isthmus. The two lateral lobes are connected by a transverse tissue bridge, the isthmus. This form results from the two side lobes (Lobus dexter and Lobus sinister), which are usually slightly different in size. The thyroid gland is a reddish-brown colored organ in the cervical region. A disturbed thyroid function affects a variety of body and organ functions. It has an important body function control function and acts as a hormone storage. The thyroid (Glandula thyreoidea) is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the cervical region in front of the trachea.
Hormone replacement therapy after thyroid surgery.What should I watch for after a thyroid operation?.